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Asked by Ushashree Last Modified
Answer When alkali metals like lithium, sodium, or potassium dissolve in liquid ammonia, they form solutions that exhibit interesting color changes. This phenomenon is due to the formation of solvated electrons, which are free-moving electrons surrounded by a shell of solvent molecules (in this case, ammonia molecules).
Initially, as the alkali metal dissolves, the solution appears blue due to the presence of solvated electrons. These solvated electrons are responsible for the blue coloration. However, as more metal dissolves and the concentration of solvated electrons increases, the color of the solution changes to bronze, gold, or even reddish-brown.
This change in color occurs because as the concentration of solvated electrons increases, they begin to interact with each other, forming dimers and other aggregates. These aggregates absorb light differently, leading to a change in the observed color of the solution. The exact color observed depends on factors such as the concentration of solvated electrons and the specific alkali metal involved.
Overall, the color changes observed in alkali metal solutions in liquid ammonia are due to the formation of solvated electrons and their subsequent interactions, which alter the absorption properties of the solution.
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