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wa
- This is the topic marker. Used when changing or refreshing topics in conversation
watashi wa - 'I' The 'I' is the big idea of what is being talked about. Always translated as 'I' never 'me.'
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ga
This is the subject marker. The one doing the action.
???? watashi ga - 'I' The 'I' is the subject of the action. Always translated as 'I' never 'me.'
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o
This is the direct object marker.The thing acted upon.
kouhi o nomimasu(I) drink coffee.
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e
This is a directional marker. to, toward
toukyou he ikimasu(I) am going to Tokyo. (can also use ?)
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ni
This is a multipurpose marker:
1) indirect object (receiver) hon o anata ni agemasu(I) give you a book.
2) place where something is going to toukyou ni ikimasu (I) am going to Tokyo. (can also use ?)
3) time (at, in) 7shichi ji ni shuppatsu(I) will leave at 7.
4) in/at a place toukyou ni sundeimasu (I) live in Tokyo.
5) purpose (to) kouhi ni shimashou - Let's have coffee.
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de
1) by means of kuruma de ikimashou Let's go by (means of) car.
2) place where the action happens ie de terebi o mimasu(I) watch tv at home.
3) cause, reasontaifuu de ki ga taoremashita - Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.
